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Educational Model for Nursing Process

Critical Thinking Skills Nursing Process Nursing Practice Applications
  • Observing
  • Distinguishing relevant from irrelevant data
  • Distinguishing important from unimportant data
  • Validating data
  • Organizing data
  • Categorizing data
  • Assessment
  • Be systematic in data collection
  • Clarify any data you are uncertain about.
  • Look for patterns to categorize data.
  • Finding patterns and relationships
  • Making inferences
  • Stating the problem
  • Suspending judgment
  • Diagnosis
  • Be open minded as you look at information about a client
  • Do not make careless assumptions.
  • Does the data reveal what you believe is true or are there other options?
  • Generalizing
  • Transferring knowledge from one situation to another (inference)
  • Developing evaluative criteria
  • Hypothesizing
  • Planning
  • Look at the meaning and significance of findings
  • Are there relationships between findings?
  • Does the data about the client help you in seeing that a problem may exist?
  • Applying knowledge
  • Testing hypotheses
  • Implementation
  • Use knowledge to select strategies you use in the care of clients.
  • Deciding whether hypotheses are correct
  • Making criterion based evaluations.
  • Evaluation
  • Support your findings and conclusions.
  • Self-examination
  • Self correction
  • Impact on future practice
  • Self-Regulation
  • Reflect on your experiences
  • Identify in what way you can improve your own performance
  • What will make you feel that you have been successful?

Modified from WIlkinson, J. (1992). Nursing Process in Action: A Critical Thinking Approach (p.29) Redwood City: Addison-Wesley Nursing.

Nursing Practice Applications: From Facione, P.: Critical thinking: a statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction. The Delphi report; research findings and recommendations prepared for the American Philosophical Association, ERIC Doc No ED 315-423, Washington DC, 1990, ERIC. (classic)

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Last Updated: 2008